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・ Inverted pendulum
・ Inverted pyramid
・ Inverted pyramid (architecture)
・ Inverted question and exclamation marks
・ Inverted relief
・ Inverted repeat
・ Inverted repeat-lacking clade
・ Inverted river delta
・ Inverted roller coaster
・ Inverted sentence
・ Inverted snub dodecadodecahedron
・ Inverted Sourcing
・ Inverted spectrum
・ Inverted sugar syrup
・ Inverted Swan
Inverted totalitarianism
・ Inverted U
・ Inverted vee antenna
・ Inverted wedge
・ Inverted Winger
・ Inverted World
・ Inverted-F antenna
・ Inverter (disambiguation)
・ Inverter (logic gate)
・ Inverter compressor
・ Invertible knot
・ Invertible matrix
・ Invertible module
・ Invertible sheaf
・ Invertigo


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Inverted totalitarianism : ウィキペディア英語版
Inverted totalitarianism
Inverted totalitarianism is a term coined by political philosopher Sheldon Wolin in 2003 to describe the emerging form of government of the United States. Wolin believes that the United States is increasingly turning into an illiberal democracy, and uses the term "inverted totalitarianism" to illustrate similarities and differences between the United States governmental system and totalitarian regimes such as Nazi Germany and the Stalinist Soviet Union.〔.〕〔.〕〔.〕 In ''Days of Destruction, Days of Revolt'' by Chris Hedges and Joe Sacco, inverted totalitarianism is described as a system where corporations have corrupted and subverted democracy and where economics trumps politics.〔Chris Hedges and Joe Sacco (2012). ''Days of Destruction, Days of Revolt.'' Nation Books. ISBN 1568586434 p. 238〕 In inverted totalitarianism, every natural resource and every living being is commodified and exploited to collapse as the citizenry is lulled and manipulated into surrendering their liberties and their participation in government through excess consumerism and sensationalism.〔〔
==Inverted totalitarianism and managed democracy==
Wolin holds that the United States has been increasingly adopting totalitarian tendencies as a result of transformations undergone during the military mobilization required to fight the Axis powers in the 1940s, and the subsequent campaign to contain the Soviet Union during the Cold War:〔
According to Wolin, there are three main ways in which inverted totalitarianism is the inverted form of classical totalitarianism.
*Whereas in Nazi Germany the state dominated economic actors, in inverted totalitarianism, corporations through political contributions and lobbying, dominate the United States, with the government acting as the servant of large corporations. This is considered "normal" rather than corrupt.
*While the Nazi regime aimed at the constant political mobilization of the populace, with its Nuremberg rallies, Hitler Youth, and so on, inverted totalitarianism aims for the mass of the populace to be in a persistent state of political apathy. The only type of political activity expected or desired from the citizenry is voting. Low electoral turnouts are favorably received as an indication that the bulk of the populace has given up hope that the government will ever help them.
*While the Nazis openly mocked democracy, the United States maintains the conceit that it is the model of democracy for the whole world. Wolin writes:

Inverted totalitarianism reverses things. It is all politics all of the time but a politics largely untempered by the political. Party squabbles are occasionally on public display, and there is a frantic and continuous politics among factions of the party, interest groups, competing corporate powers, and rival media concerns. And there is, of course, the culminating moment of national elections when the attention of the nation is required to make a choice of personalities rather than a choice between alternatives. What is absent is the political, the commitment to finding where the common good lies amidst the welter of well-financed, highly organized, single-minded interests rabidly seeking governmental favors and overwhelming the practices of representative government and public administration by a sea of cash.


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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